How to fill in each section
1. Buyer, supplier and factory
Name the buyer and the supplier as legal entities, with addresses and one contact each. Add the factory where the goods will actually be made: the supplier may be a buying house or a trading company, and the factory is the one that has to meet your audit and quality requirements. Saying that work may not be moved to another factory without your written approval is one of the most useful lines in the whole order.
Common mistake: Leaving the factory out. An order placed with a trading company can then be made anywhere, including in a factory you never approved.
2. Delivery and payment
Write the Incoterm with its version and a named place, such as FOB Chattogram, Incoterms 2020: the term decides who pays each leg of the journey and where the risk passes. Give an ex-factory date, the day the goods must be ready to leave, and a latest shipment date. For payment, write the method and what each payment is tied to: a signed proforma, a passed inspection, a shipping document. There is no standard deposit percentage; agree it. Say what happens if the goods are late and how much over or under the ordered quantity you accept. For containers and part loads the ICC recommends FCA rather than FOB; if you keep FOB, write when and where your forwarder takes the goods over.
Common mistake: A date with no meaning attached: "delivery 15 April" can be read as ex-factory, shipped, or in your warehouse. Name which one, and write each date in full.
3. Order lines
Give each style and colour its own line, with the quantity per size; the sheet adds up the pieces and works out the amount. Add the commodity (HS) code you expect for each style, because the duty you budgeted depends on it: a knitted cotton t-shirt is under 6109.10. Minimums usually apply per style and colour, so a line is the unit the supplier checks against its minimum. Rename the size columns to match your size range.
Common mistake: One line for the total with the sizes "to follow". Fabric and trims are booked from the size breakdown, so the order is not really placed until it arrives.
4. Product specification
Name the documents that define the product, each with its revision or date: the tech pack, the approved sealed sample, the colour standards and the trim card. Bulk is made and inspected against exactly these, so a purchase order that only says "as per sample" leaves open which sample.
Common mistake: Referring to "the latest tech pack". Write the revision number, so a later email cannot change the order without a new revision of the purchase order.
5. Quality, testing and compliance
Write the inspection into the order: who inspects, when, at which level and AQL, and the defect classification. Say who pays for a re-inspection if the goods fail. List the laboratory tests your market or your customer needs, with the laboratory and who pays, and name your restricted substances list by version. If you need a social audit report from the factory, name it.
Common mistake: Agreeing the inspection by email after the order. Terms written into the purchase order are the ones both sides signed; anything added later can be disputed.
6. Labelling and packing
Point to the packing instruction rather than describing it in a sentence: fold, polybag, barcodes, assortment, pieces per carton, carton size limits and carton marks. Each sales channel has its own rules, and a factory packs to its own standard when the order says nothing.
Common mistake: Leaving packing to the factory and finding at the warehouse that the cartons are too heavy or the barcodes are missing.
7. Documents with the shipment
List every document the supplier must send, with how many originals and copies, and by when after shipment. For preferential duty, name the proof of origin your market asks for: for the EU, a statement on origin by an exporter registered in REX once a consignment’s originating goods exceed 6,000 euros; for the UK, an origin declaration on the invoice; for Canada, Form B255; for Australia, a manufacturer’s declaration on the invoice. If you pay by letter of credit, the same list goes into the credit.
Common mistake: Forgetting the proof of origin. Without it the goods pay the full duty rate at import, even when the country qualifies for duty-free access, and a late claim is not always possible.
8. Acceptance
Ask the supplier to sign and return the order, or confirm it in writing, before any payment, and attach your general terms of purchase if you have them. Keep the signed copy with the tech pack revision it names.
Common mistake: Paying a deposit against an unsigned order. The signed copy is what you rely on if anything goes wrong.